The Global Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Size accounted for USD 23.8 Billion in 2023 and is estimated to achieve a market size of USD 42.3 Billion by 2032 growing at a CAGR of 6.8% from 2024 to 2032.
Thermoplastic Elastomer Market (By Type: Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU), Styrenic Block Copolymer (TPE-S), Thermoplastic Vulcanizates, Thermoplastic Copolyester, Elastomeric Alloys (TPE-V or TPV), and Others; By Material: Poly Styrenes, Poly Olefins, Poly Ether Imides, Poly Urethanes, Poly Esters, and Poly Amides; By Application: Automotive, Industrial, Electrical & Electronics, Consumer Goods, and Others and By Region: North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and MEA)
Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Highlights
- Global thermoplastic elastomer market revenue is poised to garner USD 42.3 billion by 2032 with a CAGR of 6.8% from 2024 to 2032
- North America thermoplastic elastomer market value occupied around USD 8.6 billion in 2023
- Asia-Pacific thermoplastic elastomer market growth will record a CAGR of more than 7.5% from 2024 to 2032
- Among material, the poly styrenes sub-segment generated 35% of the market share in 2023
- Based on application, the automotive sub-segment generated 40% of market share in 2023
- Innovation in bio-based TPEs and enhanced processing techniques is the thermoplastic elastomer market trend that fuels the industry demand
Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) are polymers that have the flexibility of rubber and the processability of plastics. TPEs, unlike typical elastomers, may be melted, molded, and reformed, making them extremely adaptable and recyclable. They have outstanding flexibility, robustness, and durability, making them suitable for a variety of applications. TPEs are widely utilized in automobile parts including as seals, gaskets, and electrical insulation, as well as consumer products such as Industrial and grips. They are utilized in the healthcare business for medical tubing and devices because they are biocompatible. Furthermore, TPEs are used in industrial applications like hoses, belts, and coatings.
Global Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Dynamics
Market Drivers
- Increasing demand for lightweight materials in the automotive industry
- Rising use of TPEs in medical devices due to biocompatibility
- Growth in consumer electronics driving demand for flexible components
Market Restraints
- High cost of raw materials compared to traditional elastomers
- Limited thermal stability in high-temperature applications
- Competition from other elastomer types like thermoset rubber
Market Opportunities
- Growing adoption of sustainable and recyclable materials in various industries
- Expanding applications of TPEs in renewable energy sectors like solar and wind
- Increasing demand in emerging markets, especially in Asia-Pacific for automotive and consumer goods
Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Report Coverage
Market |
Thermoplastic Elastomer Market
|
Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Size 2022 |
USD 23.8 Billion
|
Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Forecast 2032 |
USD 42.3 Billion |
Thermoplastic Elastomer Market CAGR During 2023 - 2032 |
6.8% |
Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Analysis Period |
2020 - 2032 |
Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Base Year
|
2022 |
Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Forecast Data |
2023 - 2032 |
Segments Covered |
By Type, By Material, By Application, And By Geography
|
Regional Scope |
North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East & Africa |
Key Companies Profiled |
Huntsman Corporation, BASF SE, Arkema Group, PolyOne Corporation, Exxon Mobil Corporation, KRATON Corporation, SABIC, Celenese Corporation, E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, and Covestro, etc.
|
Report Coverage
|
Market Trends, Drivers, Restraints, Competitive Analysis, Player Profiling, Covid-19 Analysis, Regulation Analysis |
Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Insights
Governments across the globe are gradually spending on material research and development activities to expand their product offerings. The rising innovation of thermoplastic elastomers by manufacturers on plastics in the automotive industry is one of the major factors driving the demand in the global Thermoplastic Elastomer Market. The thermoplastic elastomers are most widely used in the automotive sector as most of the automotive components are manufactured using thermoplastic elastomers that consist of airbags, anti-slip mats, window trims, control elements, seals, air duct, and other components.
The demand for thermoplastic elastomers is highly in demand in the Consumer Goods sector as well and is expected to grow at a rapid pace in the near future. The thermoplastic elastomers need shorter processing time and offer higher design flexibility as compared to conventional elastomers. The need for thermoplastic elastomers is expected to increase in the automotive, medical, and building and construction industries due to its excellent dimensional stability, chemical inertness, vapor and gas transfer qualities, and flexibility.
Manufacturer’s' investments in increasing production capacity help to drive the growth of the Thermoplastic elastomer market by satisfying rising global demand in industries such as automotive, medical, and consumer goods. For instance, in January 2022, Arkema announced a 25% increase in global Pebax elastomer production capacity through an investment in Serquigny, France. The investment allowed for increased manufacturing of the bio-circular Pebax Rnew and classic Pebax lines. This expanded production capacity also fosters innovation, allowing businesses to create specialized TPE compositions for new applications.
Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Segmentation
The worldwide market for thermoplastic elastomer is split based on type, material, application, and geography.
Thermoplastic Elastomer Types
- Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU)
- Styrenic Block Copolymer (TPE-S)
- Thermoplastic Vulcanizates
- Thermoplastic Copolyester
- Elastomeric Alloys (TPE-V or TPV)
- Others
According to the thermoplastic elastomer industry analysis, thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs) are predicted to dominate the thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) market due to their superior mix of rubber-like elasticity and plastic-like processability. TPVs are highly resistant to chemicals, heat, and age, making them perfect for automotive applications such as seals and hoses. Their recyclability and lightweight qualities complement sustainability trends in areas including as building and consumer goods. The increased demand for high-performance materials in these industries continues to fuel the preference for TPVs over other types of TPE.
Thermoplastic Elastomer Materials
- Poly Styrenes
- Poly Olefins
- Poly Ether Imides
- Poly Urethanes
- Poly Esters
- Poly Amides
Polystyrene is expected to have a large market share in 2023. These polystyrene elastomers are designed to perform better in a variety of applications. The properties of thermoplastic materials in styrene block copolymers are used in a range of end-use industries to replace ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) and ethylene-propylene (EP) rubber. Furthermore, the polystyrene segment dominated the market because to rising client demands in a variety of industries, including automotive, medical, construction, electrical and electronics, Industrial, and many more. Furthermore, the shift toward passenger cars and light commercials is expected to fuel the segment's further expansion.
Thermoplastic Elastomer Applications
- Automotive
- Industrial
- Electrical & Electronics
- Consumer Goods
- Medical
- Others
According to the thermoplastic elastomer market forecast, the automotive category is predicted to grow significantly in the thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) market over the next several years. This growth is due to the increasing global demand for lightweight automobiles. Thermoplastic elastomers are widely used in the automotive industry for exterior and interior body elements such as bodywork seals, external filler panels, automotive sealants, door and window grips, wipers, rocker sheets, and vibration damping pads. The automotive thermoplastic elastomers market is expected to expand due to increased competition among market participants to produce lighter weights, rising demand for electric and hybrid automobiles, the expansion of transportation systems, supportive government regulations, robust automotive parts, and rapid economic growth.
Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Regional Outlook
North America
Europe
- U.K.
- Germany
- France
- Spain
- Rest of Europe
Asia-Pacific
- India
- Japan
- China
- Australia
- South Korea
- Rest of Asia-Pacific
Latin America
- Brazil
- Mexico
- Rest of Latin America
The Middle East & Africa
- South Africa
- GCC Countries
- Rest of the Middle East & Africa (ME&A)
Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Regional Analysis
For several reasons, North America dominates thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) market due to increased use of thermoplastic elastomers in the consumer goods industry. Increasing automotive sales in developing nations such as U.S., and Canada as well as the large presence of automakers are expected to fuel demand for thermoplastic elastomers in the North American region throughout the forecast period. Thermoplastic elastomers enhance automotive fuel efficiency; hence they are widely utilized around the world.
The Asia-Pacific region is expected to have significant market growth in the next years. This is due to the region's growing end-use sectors, which include automobiles, electronics, electricity, and construction. Another element driving demand growth in the Asia-Pacific area is raising population per capita income in emerging countries like as India and China, paired with expanding industrialization. India and China are the region's fastest-growing economies, and they are also among the world's largest manufacturers. Furthermore, the growing manufacturing industry will increase demand for thermoplastic elastomers compounds in the transportation, industrial equipment, container, electronics, and electrical sectors.
Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Players
Some of the top thermoplastic elastomer companies offered in our report include Huntsman Corporation, BASF SE, Arkema Group, PolyOne Corporation, Exxon Mobil Corporation, KRATON Corporation, SABIC, Celenese Corporation, E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, and Covestro, etc.
CHAPTER 1. Industry Overview of Thermoplastic Elastomer Market
1.1. Definition and Scope
1.1.1. Definition of Thermoplastic Elastomer
1.1.2. Market Segmentation
1.1.3. Years Considered for the Study
1.1.4. Assumptions and Acronyms Used
1.1.4.1. Market Assumptions and Market Forecast
1.1.4.2. Acronyms Used in Global Thermoplastic Elastomer Market
1.2. Summary
1.2.1. Executive Summary
1.2.2. Thermoplastic Elastomer Market By Type
1.2.3. Thermoplastic Elastomer Market By Material
1.2.4. Thermoplastic Elastomer Market By Application
1.2.5. Thermoplastic Elastomer Market By Region
CHAPTER 2. Research Approach
2.1. Methodology
2.1.1. Research Programs
2.1.2. Market Size Estimation
2.1.3. Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
2.2. Data Source
2.2.1. Secondary Sources
2.2.2. Primary Sources
CHAPTER 3. Market Dynamics And Competition Analysis
3.1. Market Drivers
3.1.1. Driver 1
3.1.2. Driver 2
3.1.3. Driver 3
3.2. Restraints and Challenges
3.2.1. Restraint 1
3.2.2. Restraint 2
3.2.3. Restraint 3
3.3. Growth Opportunities
3.3.1. Opportunity 1
3.3.2. Opportunity 2
3.3.3. Opportunity 3
3.4. Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
3.4.1. Bargaining Power of Suppliers
3.4.2. Bargaining Power of Buyers
3.4.3. Threat of Substitute
3.4.4. Threat of New Entrants
3.4.5. Degree of Competition
3.5. Market Concentration Ratio and Market Maturity Analysis of Thermoplastic Elastomer Market
3.5.1. Go To Market Strategy
3.5.1.1. Introduction
3.5.1.2. Growth
3.5.1.3. Maturity
3.5.1.4. Saturation
3.5.1.5. Possible Development
3.6. Technological Roadmap for Thermoplastic Elastomer Market
3.7. Value Chain Analysis
3.7.1. List of Key Manufacturers
3.7.2. List of Customers
3.7.3. Level of Integration
3.8. Cost Structure Analysis
3.8.1. Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
3.8.2. Raw Material Suppliers
3.8.3. Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
3.8.3.1. Raw Material
3.8.3.2. Labor Cost
3.8.3.3. Manufacturing Expense
3.9. Regulatory Compliance
3.10. Competitive Landscape, 2023
3.10.1. Player Positioning Analysis
3.10.2. Key Strategies Adopted By Leading Players
CHAPTER 4. Manufacturing Plant Analysis
4.1. Manufacturing Plant Location and Establish Date of Major Manufacturers in 2023
4.2. R&D Status of Major Manufacturers in 2023
CHAPTER 5. Thermoplastic Elastomer Market By Type
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue By Type
5.2.1. Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast, By Type, 2020-2032
5.2.2. Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU)
5.2.2.1. Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) Market Revenue (USD Billion) and Growth Rate (%), 2020-2032
5.2.3. Styrenic Block Copolymer (TPE-S)
5.2.3.1. Styrenic Block Copolymer (TPE-S) Market Revenue (USD Billion) and Growth Rate (%), 2020-2032
5.2.4. Thermoplastic Vulcanizates
5.2.4.1. Thermoplastic Vulcanizates Market Revenue (USD Billion) and Growth Rate (%), 2020-2032
5.2.5. Thermoplastic Copolyester
5.2.5.1. Thermoplastic Copolyester Market Revenue (USD Billion) and Growth Rate (%), 2020-2032
5.2.6. Elastomeric Alloys (TPE-V or TPV)
5.2.6.1. Elastomeric Alloys (TPE-V or TPV) Market Revenue (USD Billion) and Growth Rate (%), 2020-2032
5.2.7. Others
5.2.7.1. Others Market Revenue (USD Billion) and Growth Rate (%), 2020-2032
CHAPTER 6. Thermoplastic Elastomer Market By Material
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue By Material
6.2.1. Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast, By Material, 2020-2032
6.2.2. Poly Styrenes
6.2.2.1. Poly Styrenes Market Revenue (USD Billion) and Growth Rate (%), 2020-2032
6.2.3. Poly Olefins
6.2.3.1. Poly Olefins Market Revenue (USD Billion) and Growth Rate (%), 2020-2032
6.2.4. Poly Ether Imides
6.2.4.1. Poly Ether Imides Market Revenue (USD Billion) and Growth Rate (%), 2020-2032
6.2.5. Poly Urethanes
6.2.5.1. Poly Urethanes Market Revenue (USD Billion) and Growth Rate (%), 2020-2032
6.2.6. Poly Esters
6.2.6.1. Poly Esters Market Revenue (USD Billion) and Growth Rate (%), 2020-2032
6.2.7. Poly Amides
6.2.7.1. Poly Amides Market Revenue (USD Billion) and Growth Rate (%), 2020-2032
CHAPTER 7. Thermoplastic Elastomer Market By Application
7.1. Introduction
7.2. Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue By Application
7.2.1. Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast, By Application, 2020-2032
7.2.2. Automotive
7.2.2.1. Automotive Market Revenue (USD Billion) and Growth Rate (%), 2020-2032
7.2.3. Industrial
7.2.3.1. Industrial Market Revenue (USD Billion) and Growth Rate (%), 2020-2032
7.2.4. Electrical & Electronics
7.2.4.1. Electrical & Electronics Market Revenue (USD Billion) and Growth Rate (%), 2020-2032
7.2.5. Consumer Goods
7.2.5.1. Consumer Goods Market Revenue (USD Billion) and Growth Rate (%), 2020-2032
7.2.6. Medical
7.2.6.1. Medical Market Revenue (USD Billion) and Growth Rate (%), 2020-2032
7.2.7. Others
7.2.7.1. Others Market Revenue (USD Billion) and Growth Rate (%), 2020-2032
CHAPTER 8. North America Thermoplastic Elastomer Market By Country
8.1. North America Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Overview
8.2. U.S.
8.2.1. U.S. Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Type, 2020-2032
8.2.2. U.S. Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Material, 2020-2032
8.2.3. U.S. Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Application, 2020-2032
8.3. Canada
8.3.1. Canada Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Type, 2020-2032
8.3.2. Canada Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Material, 2020-2032
8.3.3. Canada Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Application, 2020-2032
8.4. North America PEST Analysis
CHAPTER 9. Europe Thermoplastic Elastomer Market By Country
9.1. Europe Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Overview
9.2. U.K.
9.2.1. U.K. Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Type, 2020-2032
9.2.2. U.K. Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Material, 2020-2032
9.2.3. U.K. Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Application, 2020-2032
9.3. Germany
9.3.1. Germany Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Type, 2020-2032
9.3.2. Germany Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Material, 2020-2032
9.3.3. Germany Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Application, 2020-2032
9.4. France
9.4.1. France Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Type, 2020-2032
9.4.2. France Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Material, 2020-2032
9.4.3. France Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Application, 2020-2032
9.5. Spain
9.5.1. Spain Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Type, 2020-2032
9.5.2. Spain Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Material, 2020-2032
9.5.3. Spain Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Application, 2020-2032
9.6. Rest of Europe
9.6.1. Rest of Europe Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Type, 2020-2032
9.6.2. Rest of Europe Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Material, 2020-2032
9.6.3. Rest of Europe Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Application, 2020-2032
9.7. Europe PEST Analysis
CHAPTER 10. Asia Pacific Thermoplastic Elastomer Market By Country
10.1. Asia Pacific Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Overview
10.2. China
10.2.1. China Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Type, 2020-2032
10.2.2. China Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Material, 2020-2032
10.2.3. China Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Application, 2020-2032
10.3. Japan
10.3.1. Japan Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Type, 2020-2032
10.3.2. Japan Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Material, 2020-2032
10.3.3. Japan Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Application, 2020-2032
10.4. India
10.4.1. India Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Type, 2020-2032
10.4.2. India Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Material, 2020-2032
10.4.3. India Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Application, 2020-2032
10.5. Australia
10.5.1. Australia Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Type, 2020-2032
10.5.2. Australia Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Material, 2020-2032
10.5.3. Australia Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Application, 2020-2032
10.6. South Korea
10.6.1. South Korea Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Type, 2020-2032
10.6.2. South Korea Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Material, 2020-2032
10.6.3. South Korea Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Application, 2020-2032
10.7. Rest of Asia-Pacific
10.7.1. Rest of Asia-Pacific Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Type, 2020-2032
10.7.2. Rest of Asia-Pacific Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Material, 2020-2032
10.7.3. Rest of Asia-Pacific Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Application, 2020-2032
10.8. Asia Pacific PEST Analysis
CHAPTER 11. Latin America Thermoplastic Elastomer Market By Country
11.1. Latin America Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Overview
11.2. Brazil
11.2.1. Brazil Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Type, 2020-2032
11.2.2. Brazil Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Material, 2020-2032
11.2.3. Brazil Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Application, 2020-2032
11.3. Mexico
11.3.1. Mexico Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Type, 2020-2032
11.3.2. Mexico Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Material, 2020-2032
11.3.3. Mexico Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Application, 2020-2032
11.4. Rest of Latin America
11.4.1. Rest of Latin America Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Type, 2020-2032
11.4.2. Rest of Latin America Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Material, 2020-2032
11.4.3. Rest of Latin America Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Application, 2020-2032
11.5. Latin America PEST Analysis
CHAPTER 12. Middle East & Africa Thermoplastic Elastomer Market By Country
12.1. Middle East & Africa Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Overview
12.2. GCC
12.2.1. GCC Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Type, 2020-2032
12.2.2. GCC Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Material, 2020-2032
12.2.3. GCC Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Application, 2020-2032
12.3. South Africa
12.3.1. South Africa Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Type, 2020-2032
12.3.2. South Africa Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Material, 2020-2032
12.3.3. South Africa Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Application, 2020-2032
12.4. Rest of Middle East & Africa
12.4.1. Rest of Middle East & Africa Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Type, 2020-2032
12.4.2. Rest of Middle East & Africa Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Material, 2020-2032
12.4.3. Rest of Middle East & Africa Thermoplastic Elastomer Revenue (USD Billion) and Forecast By Application, 2020-2032
12.5. Middle East & Africa PEST Analysis
CHAPTER 13. Player Analysis Of Thermoplastic Elastomer Market
13.1. Thermoplastic Elastomer Market Company Share Analysis
13.2. Competition Matrix
13.2.1. Competitive Benchmarking of key players by price, presence, market share, and R&D investment
13.2.2. New Product Launches and New Product Enhancements
13.2.3. Mergers And Acquisition In Global Thermoplastic Elastomer Market
13.2.4. Partnership, Joint Ventures and Strategic Alliances/ Sales Agreements
CHAPTER 14. Company Profile
14.1. Huntsman Corporation
14.1.1. Company Snapshot
14.1.2. Business Overview
14.1.3. Financial Overview
14.1.3.1. Revenue (USD Billion), 2023
14.1.3.2. Huntsman Corporation, 2023 Thermoplastic Elastomer Business Regional Distribution
14.1.4. New Product /Service and Specification
14.1.5. Recent Developments & Business Strategy
14.2. BASF SE
14.3. Arkema Group
14.4. PolyOne Corporation
14.5. Exxon Mobil Corporation
14.6. KRATON Corporation
14.7. SABIC
14.8. Celenese Corporation
14.9. E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company
14.10. Covestro